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Pasvik Nature Reserve ((ノルウェー語:Pasvik naturreservat); (ロシア語:Пасвик, Pasvik zapovednik)) is a bilateral nature reserve located in the valley of Pasvikdalen in Norway and Russia. The nature reserve was established in 1992 (Russia) and 1993 (Norway), and covers an area of . The Norwegian part, in the municipality of Sør-Varanger, covers , while the Russian part, in Pechengsky District, Murmansk Oblast, covers . The nature reserve includes unexploited parts of Pasvikelva and has a rich birdlife. Along with Øvre Pasvik National Park and Øvre Pasvik Landscape Protection Area in Norway and Vätsäri Wilderness Area in Finland, Pasvik Nature Reserve constitutes part of Pasvik–Inari Trilateral Park. ==Geography== Pasvik Nature Reserve consists of two legally separate but geographically adjoined protected areas, with a combined area of . Located in the valley of Pasvikdalen, it protects the river of Pasvikelva and its vicinity, straddling the Norway–Russia border, with of its area being made up by water surface. The Norwegian segment is entirely located within Sør-Varanger. It stretches , from Jordanfoss in the north to the damn at Hestefoss, and is up to wide covering an area of , of which is water. The segment in Russia, located within Peschengsky District, is long and runs from Svanevatn in the north to Hestfoss. The nature reserve covers the area of this stretch which is located within the Border Security Zone—i.e. from the national border to the border fence near the highway. The Russian reserve has an area of , of which is water surface.〔Wikan: 36〕 The nature reserves center around the reservoir of Fjærvann, one of the few parts of Pasvikelva which remains intact largely as it did prior to the construction of the seven hydroelectric power stations along the river. The lake and its surrounding wetland areas are among the richest Nordic areas for waders, ducks, geese and swans.〔Wikan: 9〕 Fjærvann remains the most important such area along the river, in part because it is one of the first parts of the watershed to be ice-free.〔Wikan: 10〕 On the Russian side the reserve also includes a comparatively large area of pine forest area which is not directly related to Fjærvann, while the Norwegian side only include the reservoir and its immediate surroundings.〔Wikan: 12〕 The geology of the area formed at the transition of the Mesoarchean and Neoarchean Eon, 2.8 billion years ago. It contains areas which are mineral-rich, which has resulted in an iron ore mine at Bjørnevatn and a nickel mine in Nikel.〔Wikan: 37〕 A belt of the Petsamo Formation cuts through the reserve; its limestone-rich rocks give rise to the bitch-rise flora, which contrasts the otherwise pine-dominated forests of the area. The landscape consists of hills, moraines and melt-water deposits, supplemented with kettles and glacial erratics. The landscape has been formed by two periods of ice sheets during the Quaternary glaciation, which has rounded all rock features in the area.〔Wikan: 38〕 The areas in the reserve with good drainage are dominated with podzol soil. Areas with less drainage are dominated by mire, the most dominating part of the landscape, with high concentration of peat. In some places there is sand sediment deposits create heaths. Near the lakes there are occasional parties of scree.〔Wikan: 40〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pasvik Nature Reserve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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